Articles
Educational articles for patients and companions.
Blood in the urine: when and how to investigate
Seeing blood in your urine is frightening, but the common causes are infection, stones and an enlarged prostate. This article explains why painless blood should be investigated too, what the work-up usually involves, what microscopic blood means, and which signs should not wait for a visit.
ReadWhat does a high PSA mean? What the number says and does not say
A high PSA result often brings anxiety, but PSA is not specific to cancer. This article explains what raises it, why the doctor usually repeats the test first, what MRI does, and why screening is a shared decision with benefits and harms.
ReadHow to read a semen analysis result
A semen analysis gives several numbers, and most people look at only one of them. This article explains what volume, count, motility and shape mean, why one abnormal analysis is not yet a final verdict, why it is repeated, and what the next step is.
ReadWill my stone pass on its own? Size, location and timing
This is the first question for anyone who has had colicky pain. This article explains what the EAU guideline data say about the chance of spontaneous passage, what part the size and location of the stone play, when waiting is not right, and where medicine to help passage fits.
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